An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation between the occlusal vertical dimension and length of the thumb
Identifieur interne : 002A95 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 002A94; suivant : 002A96An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation between the occlusal vertical dimension and length of the thumb
Auteurs : Bishal Babu Basnet [Népal] ; Prakash Kumar Parajuli [Népal] ; Raj Kumar Singh [Népal] ; Pramita Suwal [Népal] ; Pragya Shrestha [Népal] ; Dharanidhar Baral [Népal]Source :
- Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry [ 1179-1357 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Establishment of proper occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is one of the important tasks for successful prosthodontic therapy. An ideal method for determining OVD in terms of cost, time, and instrument requirements has been sought in prosthodontics by various investigators. However, no such single method has been formulated. In the current anthropometric study, the relationship of the length of the thumb to the OVD was tested in two ethnic groups of Nepal, Aryans, and Mongoloids. The result of this study can be useful in determining proper OVD in edentulous patients.
The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the length of the thumb and OVD in Aryan and Mongoloid ethnic groups. The secondary aim was to compare the correlation between OVD and other anatomic measurements (eye–ear distance and pupil-to-rima oris distance) in these ethnicities.
The OVD, thumb length, eye–ear distance and distance between pupil of eye and rima oris were measured in a total of 500 adult dentulous volunteers. The correlation between OVD and thumb length as well as other anatomic measurements was checked with Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of OVD to the length of the thumb.
The thumb length was significantly (
Within the limitations of the present study, the result implies that thumb length can be used as an adjunct for establishing OVD in the edentulous patients.
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DOI: 10.2147/CCIDE.S75872
PubMed: 25678817
PubMed Central: 4322952
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation between the occlusal vertical dimension and length of the thumb</title><author><name sortKey="Basnet, Bishal Babu" sort="Basnet, Bishal Babu" uniqKey="Basnet B" first="Bishal Babu" last="Basnet">Bishal Babu Basnet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parajuli, Prakash Kumar" sort="Parajuli, Prakash Kumar" uniqKey="Parajuli P" first="Prakash Kumar" last="Parajuli">Prakash Kumar Parajuli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Raj Kumar" sort="Singh, Raj Kumar" uniqKey="Singh R" first="Raj Kumar" last="Singh">Raj Kumar Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suwal, Pramita" sort="Suwal, Pramita" uniqKey="Suwal P" first="Pramita" last="Suwal">Pramita Suwal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shrestha, Pragya" sort="Shrestha, Pragya" uniqKey="Shrestha P" first="Pragya" last="Shrestha">Pragya Shrestha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baral, Dharanidhar" sort="Baral, Dharanidhar" uniqKey="Baral D" first="Dharanidhar" last="Baral">Dharanidhar Baral</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25678817</idno><idno type="pmc">4322952</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322952</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4322952</idno><idno type="doi">10.2147/CCIDE.S75872</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002A95</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002A95</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002A95</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002A95</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation between the occlusal vertical dimension and length of the thumb</title><author><name sortKey="Basnet, Bishal Babu" sort="Basnet, Bishal Babu" uniqKey="Basnet B" first="Bishal Babu" last="Basnet">Bishal Babu Basnet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parajuli, Prakash Kumar" sort="Parajuli, Prakash Kumar" uniqKey="Parajuli P" first="Prakash Kumar" last="Parajuli">Prakash Kumar Parajuli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Raj Kumar" sort="Singh, Raj Kumar" uniqKey="Singh R" first="Raj Kumar" last="Singh">Raj Kumar Singh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suwal, Pramita" sort="Suwal, Pramita" uniqKey="Suwal P" first="Pramita" last="Suwal">Pramita Suwal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shrestha, Pragya" sort="Shrestha, Pragya" uniqKey="Shrestha P" first="Pragya" last="Shrestha">Pragya Shrestha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baral, Dharanidhar" sort="Baral, Dharanidhar" uniqKey="Baral D" first="Dharanidhar" last="Baral">Dharanidhar Baral</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry</title><idno type="eISSN">1179-1357</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Establishment of proper occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is one of the important tasks for successful prosthodontic therapy. An ideal method for determining OVD in terms of cost, time, and instrument requirements has been sought in prosthodontics by various investigators. However, no such single method has been formulated. In the current anthropometric study, the relationship of the length of the thumb to the OVD was tested in two ethnic groups of Nepal, Aryans, and Mongoloids. The result of this study can be useful in determining proper OVD in edentulous patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims and objectives</title><p>The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the length of the thumb and OVD in Aryan and Mongoloid ethnic groups. The secondary aim was to compare the correlation between OVD and other anatomic measurements (eye–ear distance and pupil-to-rima oris distance) in these ethnicities.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>The OVD, thumb length, eye–ear distance and distance between pupil of eye and rima oris were measured in a total of 500 adult dentulous volunteers. The correlation between OVD and thumb length as well as other anatomic measurements was checked with Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of OVD to the length of the thumb.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The thumb length was significantly (<italic>P</italic>≤0.05) correlated with strong and positive values (Pearson’s coefficient =0.874 in the whole population, 0.826 in Aryans, and 0.944 in Mongoloids). Regression analysis showed that thumb length was significantly related to OVD in both ethnic groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Within the limitations of the present study, the result implies that thumb length can be used as an adjunct for establishing OVD in the edentulous patients.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zarb, Ga" uniqKey="Zarb G">GA Zarb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolender, Cl" uniqKey="Bolender C">CL Bolender</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Delic, Z" uniqKey="Delic Z">Z Delic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simunovic Soskic, M" uniqKey="Simunovic Soskic M">M Simunovic-Soskic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perinic Grzic, R" uniqKey="Perinic Grzic R">R Perinic-Grzic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vukovojac, S" uniqKey="Vukovojac S">S Vukovojac</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rajic, Z" 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Clin Cosmet Investig Dent</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Clin Cosmet Investig Dent</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1179-1357</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dove Medical Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25678817</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4322952</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2147/CCIDE.S75872</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ccide-7-033</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>An anthropometric study to evaluate the correlation between the occlusal vertical dimension and length of the thumb</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Basnet</surname><given-names>Bishal Babu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Parajuli</surname><given-names>Prakash Kumar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Singh</surname><given-names>Raj Kumar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Suwal</surname><given-names>Pramita</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shrestha</surname><given-names>Pragya</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Baral</surname><given-names>Dharanidhar</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-ccide-7-033"></xref></contrib><aff id="af1-ccide-7-033">Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="c1-ccide-7-033">Correspondence: Bishal Babu Basnet, Department of Prosthodontics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal, Email <email>bishal_bpkihs@yahoo.com</email>; <email>bishal_bishal@hotmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>2</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2015 Basnet et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><license><license-p>The full terms of the License are available at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ext-link>. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Establishment of proper occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is one of the important tasks for successful prosthodontic therapy. An ideal method for determining OVD in terms of cost, time, and instrument requirements has been sought in prosthodontics by various investigators. However, no such single method has been formulated. In the current anthropometric study, the relationship of the length of the thumb to the OVD was tested in two ethnic groups of Nepal, Aryans, and Mongoloids. The result of this study can be useful in determining proper OVD in edentulous patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Aims and objectives</title><p>The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the length of the thumb and OVD in Aryan and Mongoloid ethnic groups. The secondary aim was to compare the correlation between OVD and other anatomic measurements (eye–ear distance and pupil-to-rima oris distance) in these ethnicities.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>The OVD, thumb length, eye–ear distance and distance between pupil of eye and rima oris were measured in a total of 500 adult dentulous volunteers. The correlation between OVD and thumb length as well as other anatomic measurements was checked with Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of OVD to the length of the thumb.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The thumb length was significantly (<italic>P</italic>≤0.05) correlated with strong and positive values (Pearson’s coefficient =0.874 in the whole population, 0.826 in Aryans, and 0.944 in Mongoloids). Regression analysis showed that thumb length was significantly related to OVD in both ethnic groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Within the limitations of the present study, the result implies that thumb length can be used as an adjunct for establishing OVD in the edentulous patients.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><title>Keywords</title><kwd>thumb</kwd><kwd>prosthodontic</kwd><kwd>caliper</kwd><kwd>rima oris</kwd><kwd>pupil of eye</kwd><kwd>edentulous patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><floats-group><fig id="f1-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>Measurement of thumb length.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig1"></graphic></fig><fig id="f2-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Measurement of OVD by Boley gauge.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig2"></graphic></fig><fig id="f3-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 3</label><caption><p>Measurement of OVD with modified vernier calipers.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig3"></graphic></fig><fig id="f4-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 4</label><caption><p>Measurement of eye–ear distance.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig4"></graphic></fig><fig id="f5-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 5</label><caption><p>Measurement of distance between rima oris and pupil of eye.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig5"></graphic></fig><fig id="f6-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Figure 6</label><caption><p>Box plot showing mean, maximum, minimum, and quartile values of OVD, TL, RO-Pu, and E-E.</p><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> OVD, occlusal vertical dimension; TL, thumb length; RO-Pu, rima oris-to-pupil distance; E-E, eye–ear distance.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="ccide-7-033Fig6"></graphic></fig><table-wrap id="t1-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Table 1</label><caption><p>Methods to determine occlusal vertical dimension</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Authors</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Method utilized</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Goodfriend<xref rid="b12-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">12</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Distance between pupil of eye and rima oris equaled the distance from subnasion to gnathion</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1">McGee<xref rid="b14-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">14</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1. Distance from the center of the pupil of the eye to a line projected laterally from the median line of the lips</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2. Distance from the glabella to the subnasion</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">3. Distance between the angles of the mouth with the lips in repose</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Silverman<xref rid="b6-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Record closest speaking space of all patients after they are 20 years of age for use later in their lives</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Swenson<xref rid="b9-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Construct a clear resin mask of the lower part of the face</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Turner<xref rid="b8-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">“Cut-out method” using a simple pantograph</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Tueller<xref rid="b11-ccide-7-033" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Electronic method</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t2-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Table 2</label><caption><p>Distribution of age groups by ethnicity of volunteers</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Age group</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mongoloid (%)</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aryan (%)</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total (%)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">≤20</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31 (12.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">52 (20.8)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">83 (16.6)</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">21–30</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">183 (73.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">176 (70.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">359 (71.8)</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">31–40</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">28 (11.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (4.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">39 (7.8)</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">≥41</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">8 (3.2)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">11 (4.4)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">19 (3.8)</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">250 (100)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">250 (100)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">500 (100)</td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t3-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Table 3</label><caption><p>Comparison of mean between ethnicity and different parameters</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1">Parameters</th><th colspan="2" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">Mean ± SD
<hr></hr></th><th rowspan="2" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th><th rowspan="2" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1">Remarks</th></tr><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mongoloid</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aryan</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">64.60±4.48</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">67.93±5.02</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sig</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TL</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">58.54±4.33</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">60.09±4.69</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sig</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RO-Pu</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">66.74±4.71</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">64.29±5.54</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sig</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">E-E</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">70.18±4.05</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">71.18±4.87</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.014</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Sig</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn1-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Note:</bold><italic>P</italic>-value significant at ≤0.05 level.</p></fn><fn id="tfn2-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> SD, standard deviation; Sig, significant OVD, occlusal vertical dimension; TL, thumb length; RO-Pu, rima oris-to-pupil distance; E-E, eye–ear distance.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t4-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Table 4</label><caption><p>Correlation matrix between OVD and other parameters (TL, RO-Pu, and E-E) in total sample (N=500)</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th rowspan="2" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1">Variables</th><th colspan="2" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">OVD
<hr></hr></th><th colspan="2" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">TL
<hr></hr></th><th colspan="2" valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1">RO-Pu
<hr></hr></th><th rowspan="2" valign="top" align="left" colspan="1">E-E</th></tr><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>r</italic></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>r</italic></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>r</italic></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">OVD</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">TL</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.874</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">RO-Pu</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.318</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.327</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">E-E</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.262</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.268</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.283</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn3-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Note:</bold><italic>P</italic>-value significant at ≤0.05 level.</p></fn><fn id="tfn4-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> OVD, occlusal vertical dimension; TL, thumb length; RO-Pu, rima oris-to-pupil distance; E-E, eye–ear distance.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap><table-wrap id="t5-ccide-7-033" position="float"><label>Table 5</label><caption><p>Linear regression analysis for study population with OVD as dependent variable and thumb length as independent variable</p></caption><table frame="hsides" rules="groups"><thead><tr><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Population</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>R</italic></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Adjusted <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup></th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">SE</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">B</th><th valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><italic>P</italic>-value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Total<break></break>(N=500)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.874<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn6-ccide-7-033">a</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.764</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.763</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.452</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">9.197<break></break>0.962</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Aryan<break></break>(N=250)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.826<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn6-ccide-7-033">a</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.683</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.682</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">2.832</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">14.801<break></break>0.884</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">Mongoloid<break></break>(N=250)</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.944<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tfn6-ccide-7-033">a</xref></td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.891</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">0.890</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">1.486</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1">7.392<break></break>0.977</td><td valign="top" align="left" rowspan="1" colspan="1"><0.001</td></tr></tbody></table><table-wrap-foot><fn id="tfn5-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Notes:</bold><italic>P</italic>-value significant at ≤0.05 level.</p></fn><fn id="tfn6-ccide-7-033"><label>a</label><p>Predictors: (constant) thumb length.</p></fn><fn id="tfn7-ccide-7-033"><p><bold>Abbreviations:</bold> OVD, occlusal vertical dimension; SE, standard error.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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